These
are the four bacteria that cause serious sexually transmitted diseases that can
pose a public health threat.
- Neisseria meningitides
Neisseria
meningitidis, also known as meningococcus causes dangerous swelling of the
spinal cord and brain.
However,
the bacteria is now becoming more popular for causing genital infections.
One
study conducted in the 1970s revealed how one male chimpanzee transferred these
harmful bacteria from the mouth and nostrils to his penis after discharging his
sensitive parts.
"This
animal (chimpanzee) occasionally prickles its penis," the authors of the
study noted.
About
10% of adults have Neisseria bacteria in their throat and nose. Studies show
that they can transmit these bacteria through tight kisses involving the
tongue, or ingest the genitals of people who do not have those bacteria.
Researchers
are not sure, however, why these bacteria have spread so rapidly and pose a
serious threat to men who are sexually active in Europe, the United States and
Canada.
However,
one study on acute urinary tract infections from the bladder caused by the
bacteria revealed that men who contracted the infection through oral sex.
Scientists
believe that the deadly bacterial infection that hit several US cities in 2015
was caused by the close-knit genitalia of the same family Neisseria
gonorrhoeae, which causes another sexually transmitted disease.The proximity of
the bacteria caused rapid spread of these harmful infections.
There
are five types of harmful strains of Neisseria meningitidis in the world, but
fortunately there are two vaccines that are available and protect against all
kinds of bacteria.
- Mycoplasma genitalium
Mycoplasma
genitalium, one of the smallest known bacteria, is gaining greater prominence
in its form by causing a serious sexually transmitted infection.
The
bacteria was discovered in the 1980s, and today it infects one to two percent
of people, especially young people
Mycoplasma
genitalium infections are usually symptomatic, sometimes resembling the
symptoms of gonorrhea and syphilis in consecutive urinary tract infections in
men and the cervix in women.
In
addition to being able to cause severe hip pain in women, the bacteria is also
associated with infertility, miscarriage, stillbirth and even fetal death.
Although
the condom can prevent its infection, researchers are cautious about its bacterial
resistance to treatment with the anti-antibiotic drugs azithromycin and
doxycycline.
- Shigella flexneri
Shigellosis
is caused by direct or indirect contact with other human feces.
Bacterial
infections result in severe abdominal pain, and diarrhea which in turn promotes
the spread of these bacteria.
Although
the disease has become more common in children and travelers in low- and
middle-income countries, researchers began to receive cases of the disease in
men involved in same-sex relationships since the 1970s.
The
disease, scientists believe, has taken a new form of transmission through anal
sex and oral sex and has caused several infections of the STI for four decades
now.
- Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)
LGV
initially appears as a rash or scarring and then attacks the body's immune
system, leading to a greater chance of contracting the virus.
This
disease also causes infections in the esophagus and also causes severe
abdominal pain.
In
the last 10 years, there have been serious LGV infections in Europe and North
America especially for men who are engaged in same-sex relationships.
Using
a condom can reduce the likelihood of infection, and treating the disease
requires at least three weeks of treatment and taking an antibiotic like
doxycycline.
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